Constipation

Constipation is a common condition where a person has difficulty passing stools, infrequent bowel movements, or hard, dry stools.

Causes:

– Low fiber intake

– Inadequate fluid intake

– Lack of physical activity

– Certain medications (e.g., opioids, antacids)

– Medical conditions (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome, hypothyroidism)

Symptoms:

– Fewer than three bowel movements per week

– Hard, dry, or lumpy stools

– Straining during bowel movements

– Feeling of incomplete evacuation

– Abdominal pain or bloating

Treatment:

– Dietary Changes: Increase fiber intake (fruits, vegetables, whole grains) and drink plenty of water.

– Lifestyle Changes: Regular exercise and establishing a consistent bathroom routine.

– Medications: Laxatives (e.g., bulk-forming, osmotic, or stimulant laxatives) for short-term relief.

– Treat Underlying Conditions: If constipation is due to a medical condition, treating the condition may help.

Prevention:

– Eat a high-fiber diet

– Stay hydrated

– Exercise regularly

– Avoid delaying bowel movements

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