ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects children and often continues into adulthood. It is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Symptoms:
– Inattention: Difficulty focusing, forgetfulness, disorganization.
– Hyperactivity: Excessive fidgeting, restlessness, inability to stay seated.
– Impulsivity: Interrupting others, difficulty waiting for turns.
Causes:
– Genetic factors (family history of ADHD)
– Brain structure and function differences
– Environmental factors (e.g., exposure to toxins during pregnancy)
Treatment:
– Behavioral Therapy: Helps children develop coping strategies and improve behavior.
– Medication: Stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate, amphetamines) or non-stimulants (e.g., atomoxetine).
– Parental Training: Teaches parents how to support their child effectively.
– School Support: Individualized education plans (IEPs) or accommodations.
Management:
– Structured routines
– Clear and consistent rules
– Positive reinforcement for good behavior